Effect Systems: Making Side Effects Visible
Effect systems turn hidden capabilities into composable contracts that handlers can interpret, constrain, and test.
Disjoint Set Union: Near-Constant Connectivity Queries
Derive disjoint set union from partition invariants, then apply path compression and weighted union to connectivity workloads.
Query Optimization: Reading an EXPLAIN Plan
Read PostgreSQL plans from estimates to execution, diagnose cardinality errors and spills, and make index or query fixes safely.
LLM Inference at Scale: Batching, KV Caches, and Serving
Engineer LLM serving around prefill and decode workloads, KV-cache memory, continuous batching, routing, autoscaling, and measurable goodput.
Cursor Pagination at Scale
Build cursor pagination from a stable total order, query-bound opaque tokens, matching indexes, and explicit change semantics.
Message Queues, Streams, and Durable Logs
Choose queues, streams, and durable logs by their ownership, retention, replay, ordering, and consumer-state contracts.
Database Replication: Logs, Lag, and Failover
Database replication moves an ordered change stream, but acknowledgement, replay, routing, and fencing determine freshness and failover safety.
Core Web Vitals: Measuring What Users Feel
Measure LCP, INP, and CLS with field evidence, precise attribution, targeted repairs, and regression budgets.
Cell-Based Architecture for Limiting Blast Radius
Limit failure impact by placing bounded customer populations and their request-path resources into repeatable, independently operated cells.
Diagnosing Memory Leaks with Heap Graphs
Diagnose managed-memory leaks by tracing retained objects through dominators, comparable snapshots, lifecycle mistakes, and explicit reclamation tests.
System Calls and Context Switches
Trace protected kernel entry, task switching, batching, and async I/O without reducing their costs to one misleading number.
Memory Models and the Happens-Before Relation
Reason about visibility and reordering with happens-before edges, atomic orderings, publication patterns, and litmus tests.